12 BEST ADDERALL ALTERNATIVES: NATURAL OVER THE COUNTER ADHD SUBSTITUTES

Adderall. It’s a word that will either make you cringe or make you smile, depending on who you ask. The drug’s intended to be used as a prescription medication to treat ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) and narcolepsy. Now, it’s become increasingly popular for its off-label use as a study aid and a quick fix for motivation problems.

Students and Wall Street executives in search of a real-world limitless pill frequently turn to Adderall as a possible solution. The drug’s widespread misuse brought about a slew of media coverage and college campus horror stories. Adderall-induced addiction, depression, and derailed lives are just the beginning. With a prescription “smart drug” epidemic looming, renewed awareness, and a healthy fear of Adderall, including its negative side effects and long-term effects, have come to light.

In This Article

In this article, you can expect to find a comprehensive guide which outlines the most effective natural alternatives to Adderall.

This guide will start by outlining why Adderall is so potentially dangerous, and the numerous concerns associated with regular use. We will explain how Adderall effects your body, and how it achieves its effects.

With an understanding of Adderall’s functioning, we will then present natural alternatives to this substance, which are meant to generate similar effects in your body. These natural alternatives are available over the counter and have much less negative side effects than Adderall.

We will present our top 12 alternatives to Adderall. These alternatives all differ in their use and function. So you should go into this article with a good idea of what you are looking for in a supplement, and which results you are trying to achieve.

Natural Substitutes for Adderall

ADHD can be challenging to manage. You may experience impulsivity issues, inattentiveness, difficulty learning and socializing, and a general sense of inefficiency. These complications can lead to productivity problems that are extremely difficult to overcome.

Fortunately, there are several natural over the counter (OTC) Adderall alternatives to control your symptoms. Herbal Adderall substitutes for treating ADHD are healthy and effective for long-term use. They are entirely legal and will safely reduce your symptoms. Best of all, you don’t have to worry about the concerning effects of Adderall.

Natural remedies for ADHD are especially significant for parents. Nobody wants to expose their children to the harsh side effects of amphetamine-based stimulants. With that said, non-prescription alternatives are also highly recommended for adults looking to boost focus and concentration. Before we dive into our list of natural supplements for ADHD, let’s take a closer look at the truth behind Adderall.

What Is Adderall and Why Is It Dangerous?

Adderall is the brand name for a potent Schedule II controlled substance that shares a remarkable amount of similarities with methamphetamine. Unfortunately, most Adderall users are unaware of this frightening fact and never associate the two.

A common and dangerous misconception is that Adderall is safe since it’s an FDA approved medication, legally prescribed to children by licensed physicians. Just like candy, right? Hardly.

When taken as suggested by a doctor, Adderall, and similar drugs like Vyvanse and Ritalin can help reduce ADHD symptoms. But these drugs still have substantial health risks. Adderall itself contains both amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. This attribute makes it chemically addictive and potentially detrimental to your CNS (Central Nervous System) with long-term use.

AdderallAdderall works by stimulating several neurotransmitters in your brain to unnaturally high levels. The neurotransmitters in question include dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), serotonin, and norepinephrine. The sudden rush of “feel good” chemicals can provide alertness and enhanced energy and motivation for an entire day.

Sounds good on paper, but the constant flood of “reward” signals can leave you wanting more. Tolerance development ensues. The need to take more of the drug to feel the same effects can quickly lead to addiction and dependency. Excessive Adderall consumption can deteriorate your central nervous system causing permanent and irreversible damage to your cognitive performance.

Additionally, stopping Adderall use altogether can have negative side effects as well. Your body has become accustomed to the dopamine boost that comes with taking the drug. When you stop taking it, your dopamine levels drop, and you might experience withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms might include – depression, nausea, vomiting, difficulty sleeping, and more.

Are Natural Alternatives Better?

Using natural alternatives to Adderall can help you avoid these adverse side effects. When it comes to your health or that of your children, long-term safety should be your priority. Treating ADHD with legal over the counter substitutes is the best decision you can make for yourself and your children.

These alternatives do not contain the same negative side effects associated with Adderall. However, it is still a wise idea to be well educated in anything you put into your body, which is why we have written this guide. Below, we will give you a comprehensive list of Adderall alternatives for you to consider.

The natural brain supplements listed below help to improve focus, concentration, mental energy levels, and overall cognitive function. Our list of the 12 best natural Adderall alternatives for adults and children will cover the following supplements: Ginkgo Biloba, Bacopa Monnieri, Caffeine, L-Theanine, Rhodiola Rosea, Phosphatidylserine, Omega-3 Fish Oil, Alpha GPC, Huperzine A, L-Tyrosine, 5-HTP, and GABA. See our recommended brain supplement with many of these ingredients here.

Best Natural Over the Counter Adderall Alternatives 2020

1. Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo BilobaPerhaps the most commonly supplemented herb for brain health, Ginkgo Biloba has shown promise as a natural treatment of ADHD in children. Ginkgo works by preserving the balance of vital neurotransmitters in the brain.

Most notably, these nootropics will maintain acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. This benefit improves attention span and helps reduce impulsivity.

A double-blind, randomized controlled six-week trial successfully linked Ginkgo supplementation to a significant reduction in ADHD related symptoms. The results of the study indicate that Ginkgo Biloba is a suitable natural alternative for Adderall.

Both legal and easily obtainable over the counter, this herbal supplement has a host of other mental health benefits as well. Ginkgo boosts memory retention, slows age-related cognitive abilities decline, and enhances cerebral blood flow. This natural ADHD treatment can also improve sleep quality and overall mental cognition.

These features make Ginkgo a safe and effective substitute to traditionally prescribed ADHD stimulants like Adderall, Vyvanse, or Ritalin.

2. Bacopa Monnieri

Bacopa MonnieriThose looking for increased lifespan and enhanced cognitive function often turn to Bacopa Monnieri (waterhyssop) for help.

As a traditionally used medicinal herb for centuries, Bacopa has proven itself as an excellent natural substitute for Adderall. Like its prescription counterparts, Bacopa Monnieri interacts with serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the body. The positive interaction on essential neurotransmitters enhances alertness and energy levels in the individual.

Bacopa primarily works by enhancing neuron communication through the growth and maintenance of nerve endings in the brain. For this reason, Bacopa supplements reliably improve memory formation and mental cognition. Studies have demonstrated Bacopa’s ability to boost and stabilize mood and improve attention span in its users.

These nootropic supplements are available as a non-prescription homeopathic treatment for ADHD for over the counter purchase.

3. Caffeine

CaffeineMost of us are no strangers to caffeine, but few would link a cup of coffee to a reduction in ADHD symptoms.

Studies have shown that caffeine can safely improve focus and concentration for its users, making it a reliable natural Adderall alternative. Caffeine is considered a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant which can boost the production of dopamine in the brain.

This legal OTC supplement is also a vasoconstrictor. Therefore, caffeine reduces blood flow to overactive regions of the brain by shrinking blood vessels (like Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin). This effect allows for more predictable and stable communication throughout the brain.

Not only will caffeine enhance energy and reduce fatigue, but its stimulatory effect makes it an excellent supplement for curing brain fog. Brain fog occurs when you have difficulty concentrating and focusing for long periods of time. A feeling of wakefulness will often help to manage brain fog, especially in the morning.

Adults and children with ADHD should consume caffeine during the morning hours, only. An early dosing schedule will help to eliminate sleeplessness or insomnia at night. Excessive caffeine consumption can be harmful to children and teens. Do not go overboard with this Adderall substitute.

4. L-Theanine

L-TheanineFound primarily in green tea leaves from Camellia sinensis plants, L-Theanine is a non-essential amino acid with a variety of health benefits.

This safe and natural Adderall alternative can reduce stress and anxiety by boosting levels of GABA and glycine in the brain. GABA and glycine are inhibitory neurotransmitters that work to offset overactive excitatory neurotransmitters. This effect creates a state of relaxation and calmness within the user. By helping the brain achieve equilibrium, L-Theanine effectively reduces ADHD related symptoms.

Studies have supported the use of L-Theanine as one of the best over the counter replacements for Adderall. In users diagnosed with ADHD, there was a notable reduction in mild cognitive impairment while supplementing L-Theanine.

Selective attention span also improved in another 16-week study. This natural amino acid is also an excellent nootropic to stack with caffeine. It works by offsetting the crash and jitters associated with caffeine, while still providing mental and physical stimulation. Being as one of the main drawbacks of caffine use is the associated “crash”, it helps greatly to find a supplement that can alleviate these symptoms.

5. Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola RoseaRhodiola Rosea is a well-known Scandinavian herb with stimulatory properties like Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin. Fortunately, this herbal nootropic comes without the adverse side effects of amphetamine-based ADHD stimulants.

Rhodiola Rosea has been utilized for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine as a natural remedy for a variety of issues related to fatigue and cognitive impairment.

Several studies have demonstrated a link between Rhodiola Rosea and enhancements in memory and mood stabilization through serotonin and dopamine regulation.

Improved energy levels, sharper mental processing, and enhanced cognitive function are also among the many health benefits of Rhodiola Rosea. While this brain supplement is safe, and legal for OTC purchase, there are currently few studies that use it for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. However, its effects on cognition suggest that it is an excellent natural substitute for Adderall.

6. Phosphatidylserine

PhosphatidylserinePhosphatidylserine benefits the brain by providing structural support to cell membranes. This natural supplement is known as an essential phospholipid in the human body, aiding in the formation and recollection of memories.

There is substantial convincing documentation demonstrating the effects of Phosphatidylserine (PS) on cognitive function. PS combats mood disorders, reduces perceived feelings of anxiety and depression, and even offers neuroprotection. These are similar benefits to what is offered by Adderall, and why PS is an effective substitute.

Not only is this natural remedy excellent for overall brain health, but it’s also a safe and effective over the counter Adderall alternative. A double-blind 2-month study in children with ADHD supplementing Phosphatidylserine showed significant improvements in impulsivity control and auditory memory.

Additional research linked PS supplementation to enhancements in processing speed and accuracy in healthy adults. These findings suggest that Phosphatidylserine is an excellent non-prescription alternative for ADHD medications Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin.

7. Omega-3 Fish Oil

Omega-3 Fish OilArguably the most popular health supplement on the planet, Omega-3 fish oil is surprisingly effective in treating ADHD naturally.

Fish oil contains two primary fatty acids that benefit the mind and body. These fatty acids are DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). EPA is excellent for reducing bodily inflammation, improving heart health, and reducing anxiety and depression. DHA is more beneficial as a cognitive enhancer, used as a natural OTC substitute for Adderall.

While both types of fish oil provide numerous health benefits in adults and children, DHA-heavy supplements are more effective for treating ADHD.

Several studies have found that fish oil containing more DHA led to improvements in working memory, attention span, and a reduction in behavioral problems related to ADHD (impulse control, hyperactivity, etc.). Another study suggested the effects of Omega-3 fatty acids were even more pronounced when stacked with Phosphatidylserine (PS). If you’re looking for safe, legal, and healthy natural remedies for ADHD, give fish oil a try.

8. Alpha GPC

Alpha GPCOne of the best Adderall alternatives for over the counter purchase is the highly bioavailable choline supplement, Alpha GPC (Choline Alfoscerate).

Recent research suggests that children with ADHD have dramatically reduced acetylcholine receptors in the brain. Alpha GPC works by crossing the blood-brain barrier and promptly increasing levels of usable acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine is the most prominent learning and memory neurotransmitter in the human body. For this reason, Alpha GPC would be a safe and effective natural Adderall substitute for improving focus and concentration in the user.

The benefits of Alpha GPC go well beyond the treatment of ADHD and cognitive enhancement. This nootropic is arguably just as prevalent in the bodybuilding and fitness world. Alpha GPC can enhance growth hormone production and fat oxidation in healthy young adults. Additionally, choline supplements assist in neuroprotection and serve as excellent natural medications for treating neurodegenerative diseases.

9. Huperzine A

Huperzine AHuperzine A is an herbal nootropic supplement renowned in Chinese medicine for improving cognitive function in children and adults. In a similar fashion to Alpha GPC, Huperzine A benefits the brain by enhancing levels of acetylcholine. While Alpha GPC does so directly, Huperzine A increases acetylcholine levels in the brain, indirectly.

Huperzine A works like this: Acetylcholinesterase is the chemical responsible for breaking down acetylcholine in the brain. Huperzine A is classified as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. This classification means that Huperzine A inhibits acetylcholinesterase from performing its duty of breaking down acetylcholine. Huperzine’s inhibitory properties allow more acetylcholine to build up in the brain, subsequently enhancing learning, focus, and attention in the user.

This herbal Adderall alternative is legal, and safe to use for the treatment of ADHD. Additionally, Huperzine A has a synergistic effect and is even more potent for boosting cognitive function when stacked with Alpha GPC. Look for both ingredients together when purchasing natural remedies for ADHD.

10. L-Tyrosine

L-TyrosineL-Tyrosine is an amino acid used to produce neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline and is one of the best OTC Adderall substitutes.

This natural nootropic supplement is known for its ability to enhance mental cognition during acute and uncontrollable stress. Studies have shown that Tyrosine may also improve memory and reduce feelings of anxiety. This mood-stabilizing benefit makes L-Tyrosine a potentially effective homeopathic remedy for ADHD.

The effects of this Adderall alternative on alertness and wakefulness are particularly noteworthy in regular bouts of sleep deprivation. Tyrosine can improve cognitive function without interrupting normal sleeping patterns. Another study successfully linked the supplementation of L-Tyrosine and 5-HTP to prominent reductions in ADHD related symptoms in children.

However, L-Tyrosine is less effective for ADHD and cognitive function in non-stressful situations. In other words, it may be a good natural treatment for ADHD if you are frequently stressed or experience irregularities in sleep quality. Otherwise, you might be better with a different alternative on this list.

11. 5-HTP

5-HTP5-HTP is the precursor to “feel good” neurotransmitter, serotonin, and is a safe and effective natural substitute for Adderall.

Much like prescription ADHD medications Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin, 5-HTP positively influences serotonin in the brain which has an anti-depressant effect. When levels of serotonin increase in the user, happiness and an improved sense of well-being occur. Thus, supplementing 5-HTP rejuvenates focus and concentration, improves creativity, and boosts mental energy.

Some users suggest taking L-Tryptophan as a natural remedy for ADHD instead of 5-HTP. L-Tryptophan is the precursor to 5-HTP. Since L-Tryptophan can also divert into protein construction or niacin, 5-HTP is the better choice for treating ADHD symptoms.

This is because 5-HTP serves the singular purpose of being converted into serotonin. As a legal, over the counter alternative to Adderall, 5-HTP easily permeates the blood-brain barrier. 5-HTP’s high bioavailability allows it to go to work on serotonin production quickly and efficiently.

12. GABA

GABAGABA (gamma-Aminobutyric acid) is a self-regulating inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system often used as a sleeping aid. Its primary purpose is to help the brain maintain equilibrium. It achieves this goal by reducing the excitability and erratic over-firing of neurons, specifically by countering Glutamate receptors.

Studies have shown that GABA levels are much lower in those suffering from ADHD and insomnia. Unfortunately, GABA deficiencies can have an adverse compounding effect since sleeplessness can worsen symptoms of ADHD. This discovery has opened the door for using GABA supplements as a safe, natural alternative for Adderall in adults and children.

When taking GABA as a non-prescription remedy for ADHD, it can help moderate neural activity and increase levels of serotonin in the brain. Heightened levels of serotonin can control mood swings and reduce stress and anxiety. This is how it can achieve an effect similar to that of Adderall, in a more natural way.

Supplementing GABA can also diminish irritability, aggression and other behavioral problems associated with ADHD like hyperactivity and impulse control. Although the research is not definitive on the effectiveness of GABA as an Adderall substitute, studies suggest that it’s at least worth a try.

How to Choose the Right Supplement For You

There have been 12 alternatives to Adderall presented in this article. Of course, the most appropriate choice for your body will depend on individual factors specific to you. To make a decision about what to put in your body, you need to consider your unique dietary and physical factors, as well as the effects you are trying to achieve.

Adderall is potentially quite dangerous, and while the natural supplements do not carry the same health risks, it is still important to consider your own needs when building your diet and supplement routine. If you are ever in need of help, a visit to a physician or dietician is a great idea. They can help you to develop a plan of action that considers your individual circumstances.

So if you are in doubt about the correct approach, consulting a professional is an appropriate way forward.

Final Thoughts on Natural Adderall Alternatives for ADHD

Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin are powerful CNS stimulants for treating ADHD. These are not genius pills or smart drugs. These prescription medications can be dangerous if abused. Therefore, they are not the best options for long-term use, especially given the new knowledge we have on safe and legal over the counter replacements.

With a whole slew of natural Adderall alternatives and substitutes to choose from, it’s worth kicking the amphetamines to the curb in favor of a new ADHD remedy. Read through our list of alternatives carefully, and with your individual circumstances in mind. The best supplement is one that is tailored to your unique lifestyle and dietary considerations. 

Go here for original article:

www.cognitune.com/best-natural-adderall-alternatives/

Please sign up for our newsletter: information articles, significant websites, various sales, humor, whatever seems relevant.
                

Related Articles

Beat nagging allergies and sinus problems–just by minding your own bees wax

It’s not everyday you see nuns in full religious garb anymore, so when two walked into the Tahoma Clinic recently, they attracted a bit of attention from both the staff and patients. But that wasn’t what I remember most about their visit. Before they left the Clinic that day, the nuns taught me an approach to respiratory health I’d never even heard of before.

Responses

    1. YOu’ll have to see what works for him, everyone is different. Many do other things too, like do a brain dump on a piece of paper then prioritize the items. Keeping it all in the head caused anxiety from being overwhelmed. I think things like that can help more than any supplement or drug sometimes but I’d try a couple of the herbs at a time and see how he feels. Less screen time helps too.

Terms of Service

Terms

This group is a Natural Health resource and research center, designed to empower our members with knowledge. You can suggest topics you’d like us to cover, search the group for thousands of discussions on almost every health issue imaginable, participate in those discussions and in posts that Administrators post periodically. You can also explore the FREE online Natural Health Library, for a lot of great info on many common health concerns.

About This Group: The Natural Health Library Private Member Association 

By joining this webpage, “The Natural Health Library”, I agree to the terms and conditions of The Natural Health Library Private Member Association Agreement as follows.

  1. This Association of members declares that our objective is to seek to help each other achieve better health and live longer with good quality of life. 
  2. We believe that the Constitution of the USA and the Charter of Rights of Canada guarantees our members the rights of free speech, petition, assembly, and the right to gather together for the lawful purpose of helping one another in asserting our rights protected by those Constitutions, Charter and Statutes. WE HEREBY Declare that we are exercising our right of “freedom of association” as guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution and equivalent provisions of the various State Constitutions, as well as the Charter of Rights of Canada. This means that our association activities are restricted to the private domain only. 
  3. We declare the basic right of all of our members to decide which members could be expected to give wise counsel and advice concerning physical and mental health care assistance and to accept from members those whom we feel are able to assist the actual performance and delivery of therapy, treatment and care. 
  4. We expect the freedom to choose and perform for ourselves the types of therapies and treatments that we think best for diagnosing, treating and preventing illness and disease and for achieving and maintaining optimum wellness. 
  5. The mission of this Association is to provide members with the highest quality health care advice and the most effective methods of treatment. We educate and offer to our members the tools needed to help them pursue optimal health. The Association specializes in Nutritional Information, Supplementation and Healing Technologies that support a return to natural health as a superior alternative to patent drugs, surgery or radiation. 
  6. The Association will recognize any person (irrespective of race, colour, or religion) who has joined this webpage and is in agreement with these principles and policies as a member of this association, and will provide a medium through which its individual members may associate for actuating and bringing to fruition the purposes heretofore declared. 
  7. Membership to this association and this webpage, “The Natural Health Library”, may be terminated by Terry Chamberlin and/or his administrators for any violation of the rules or policies of this association, or if, in the opinion of Terry Chamberlin and/or his administrators, a member’s conduct is not in keeping with these rules or policies.

Memorandum of Understanding

I understand that the fellow members of the Association that provide services and care do so in the capacity of a fellow member and not in the capacity as a licensed health care provider. I further understand that within the association no doctor-patient relationship exists but only a contract member-member Association relationship. In addition, I have freely chosen to change my legal status as a public patient, customer or client to a private member of the Association. I further understand that it is entirely my own responsibility to consider the advice and recommendations offered to me by my fellow members and to educate myself as to the efficacy, risks and desirability of same and the acceptance of the offered or recommended treatment, tools and care is my own carefully considered decision. Any request by me to a fellow member to assist me or provide me with the aforementioned treatment, tools and care is my own free decision in an exercise of my rights and made by me for my benefit, and I agree to hold Terry Chamberlin and other members and the Association harmless from any unintentional liability for the results of such care, except for harm that results from instances of a clear and present danger of substantive evil as determined by the Association, as stated and defined by the United States and Canadian Supreme Courts

In addition, I understand that, since the Association is protected by the principles of the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and the Charter of Rights of Canada, it is outside the jurisdiction and authority of Federal, State and any other governmental Agencies and Authorities concerning any and all complaints or grievances against the Association, any Trustee(s), members or other staff persons. All rights of complaints or grievances will be settled by Terry Chamberlin and will be waived by the member for the benefit of the Association and its members. Because the privacy and security of membership records maintained within the Association have been held to be inviolate by the U.S. and Canadian Supreme Courts, the undersigned member waives all privacy rights and complaint processes. Any medical or healthcare records kept by the association will be strictly protected and only released upon written request of the member. I agree that if any dispute arises I will seek to settle it privately between Terry Chamberlin and myself and I agree I cannot and will not take this private matter to a State, Provincial, Federal or any other government public protection agency.

I agree to join the Association, a private membership association under common law, whose members seek to help each other achieve better health and live longer with good quality of life.

I understand that the doctors, nurses, and other practitioners who are fellow members of the Association are offering me advice, services, and benefits that do not necessarily conform to conventional medical care. I do not expect these benefits to include on-call coverage, hospital care, or the usual and customary care provided by most physicians. I will receive such primary and specialist care elsewhere.

As a member, I accept the goals of helping my body function better and choosing techniques that are both safe and have a reasonably good chance to succeed, realizing that no diagnostic technique or treatment is foolproof. If I choose to forgo drugs, surgery, or radiation that has been recommended to me by others, I fully accept the risk that I might suffer serious consequences from that choice. Other aspects of informed consent will take place in my discussions with the providers and my fellow members of the Association.

My activities within the Association are a private matter that will not be shared with anyone else without my specific permission. All records and documents remain as property of the Association, even if I receive a copy of them. I fully agree not to file a malpractice lawsuit nor take any other legal action against a fellow member of the Association, unless that member has exposed me to a clear and present danger of substantive evil. I acknowledge that the members of the Association do not carry malpractice insurance.

I enter into this agreement of my own free will or on behalf of my dependent without any pressure or promise of cure. I affirm that I do not represent any Province, State, Federal or any other governmental agency whose purpose is to regulate and approve products. I have read and understood this document, and my questions have been answered fully to my satisfaction. I understand that I can withdraw from this agreement and terminate my membership in this association at any time.

These pages consist of the entire agreement for my membership in this Association and they supersede any previous agreement.

I understand that the membership gives me access to nutritional products and services that will require a fee to receive said products and services. I agree to pay said fees to receive said products and services.

I agree this contract began on the date of my joining the Facebook group, “The Natural Health Library”. I declare that by joining this private webpage, I have carefully read the entirety of this document and I fully understand and agree with it.

I also agree that, should I disagree with any part of this statement, I will immediately delete my membership here.

 

Privacy Policy

WHO WE ARE

We want to help you succeed in your health goals so we work hard to provide the information you need to get your health moving in a more positive direction.

Our website address is: https://www.thenaturalhealthlibrary.com

WHAT PERSONAL DATA WE COLLECT AND WHY WE COLLECT IT

COMMENTS

When visitors leave comments on the site we collect the data shown in the comments form, and also the visitor’s IP address and browser user agent string to help spam detection.

An anonymized string created from your email address (also called a hash) may be provided to the Gravatar service to see if you are using it. The Gravatar service privacy policy is available here: https://automattic.com/privacy/. After approval of your comment, your profile picture is visible to the public in the context of your comment.

MEDIA

If you upload images to the website, you should avoid uploading images with embedded location data (EXIF GPS) included. Visitors to the website can download and extract any location data from images on the website.

COOKIES

If you leave a comment on our site you may opt-in to saving your name, email address and website in cookies. These are for your convenience so that you do not have to fill in your details again when you leave another comment. These cookies will last for one year.

If you visit our login page, we will set a temporary cookie to determine if your browser accepts cookies. This cookie contains no personal data and is discarded when you close your browser.

When you log in, we will also set up several cookies to save your login information and your screen display choices. Login cookies last for two days, and screen options cookies last for a year. If you select “Remember Me”, your login will persist for two weeks. If you log out of your account, the login cookies will be removed.

If you edit or publish an article, an additional cookie will be saved in your browser. This cookie includes no personal data and simply indicates the post ID of the article you just edited. It expires after 1 day.

EMBEDDED CONTENT FROM OTHER WEBSITES

Articles on this site may include embedded content (e.g. videos, images, articles, etc.). Embedded content from other websites behaves in the exact same way as if the visitor has visited the other website.

These websites may collect data about you, use cookies, embed additional third-party tracking, and monitor your interaction with that embedded content, including tracking your interaction with the embedded content if you have an account and are logged in to that website.

WHO WE SHARE YOUR DATA WITH

In general, the third-party providers used by us will only collect, use and disclose your information to the extent necessary to allow them to perform the services they provide to us.

However, certain third-party service providers, such as payment gateways and other payment transaction processors, have their own privacy policies in respect to the information we are required to provide to them for your purchase-related transactions.

For these providers, we recommend that you read their privacy policies so you can understand the manner in which your personal information will be handled by these providers.

In particular, remember that certain providers may be located in or have facilities that are located a different jurisdiction than either you or us. So if you elect to proceed with a transaction that involves the services of a third-party service provider, then your information may become subject to the laws of the jurisdiction(s) in which that service provider or its facilities are located.

As an example, if you are located in Canada and your transaction is processed by a payment gateway located in the United States, then your personal information used in completing that transaction may be subject to disclosure under United States legislation, including the Patriot Act.

Once you leave our store’s website or are redirected to a third-party website or application, you are no longer governed by this Privacy Policy or our website’s Terms of Service.

LINKS

When you click on links on our store, they may direct you away from our site. We are not responsible for the privacy practices of other sites and encourage you to read their privacy statements.

HOW LONG WE RETAIN YOUR DATA

If you leave a comment, the comment and its metadata are retained indefinitely. This is so we can recognize and approve any follow-up comments automatically instead of holding them in a moderation queue.

For users that register on our website (if any), we also store the personal information they provide in their user profile. All users can see, edit, or delete their personal information at any time (except they cannot change their username). Website administrators can also see and edit that information.

WHAT RIGHTS YOU HAVE OVER YOUR DATA

If you have an account on this site, or have left comments, you can request to receive an exported file of the personal data we hold about you, including any data you have provided to us. You can also request that we erase any personal data we hold about you. This does not include any data we are obliged to keep for administrative, legal, or security purposes.

WHERE WE SEND YOUR DATA

Visitor comments may be checked through an automated spam detection service.

YOUR CONTACT INFORMATION

When you purchase something from our store, as part of the buying and selling process, we collect the personal information you give us such as your name, address and email address.

When you browse our store, we also automatically receive your computer’s internet protocol (IP) address in order to provide us with information that helps us learn about your browser and operating system.

HOW WE PROTECT YOUR DATA

To protect your personal information, we take reasonable precautions and follow industry best practices to make sure it is not inappropriately lost, misused, accessed, disclosed, altered or destroyed.

If you provide us with your credit card information, the information is encrypted using secure socket layer technology (SSL) but we do not store your credit card information. Although no method of transmission over the Internet or electronic storage is 100% secure, we follow all PCI-DSS requirements and implement additional generally accepted industry standards.